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Blue Sky Dreaming (3/7)


This is also part of this series: Earth Report - Season 2 (7)

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Subjects: Agriculture, Consumption, Energy, Environment, Global Issues, International Relations, International Trade, Renewable Energy, Science, Sustainability, Sustainable Development

Grade Level: JrH-Adult
Producer: TVE
Closed Captioned: No
Running Time: 25 mins
Country of Origin: Great Britain
Study Guide: No

Copyright Date: 2008
Available in French: No

Four countries and many corporations are now pledging to go carbon neutral. New Zealand plans to be the first to create a completely carbon neutral economy.

Their target is 2020 and they have ambitious plans to radically reduce greenhouse gas emissions with a big increase in renewable power generation and a switch to sustainable transport like electric cars.

What are they planning?
Energy - 90 per cent to come from renewable sources by 2025. This is achievable as New Zealand has plentiful hydro-electricity, wind and geothermal potential, and already generates 70 per cent of its energy from renewable sources.

Transport
- 50 per cent cuts in emissions by 2040, achievable only through a massive switch to hybrid and electric vehicles. While New Zealand’s huge renewable energy resources mean it has the capability of powering all road vehicles from renewable fuels, in practice its showcase electric vehicle project has still to import a single electric car.
 
But reducing New Zealand’s emissions from its vast agriculture sector are likely to be by far its biggest challenge. These emissions are partly from methane released from grazing animals’ stomachs. But one-third of livestock emissions are derived from the release of animal urine into the soil, forming nitrous oxide which - like methane - is a potent greenhouse gas.
 
To date New Zealand’s agricultural scientists have developed one solution to the problem of farm emissions - a commercial product which can be sprayed onto pasture twice a year to inhibit the formation of nitrous oxide gas.  The other answer is to offset future decades of farm emissions. But to do this, New Zealand faces a tough challenge to plant enough trees – perhaps as many as two million hectares.

The country already boasts the world’s first carbon-neutral winery. And the government is leading by example, setting six lead government agencies the goal of becoming carbon neutral in only four years.

So how will they manage? And what does carbon neutrality really mean? Earth Report finds out in a special edition marking World Environment Day.